This study aimed at determining the phytochemical constituents of Euphorbia golondrina\nL.C. Wheeler, an alien invasive medicinal herb that is used for the treatment of\ngastroenteritis related ailments, diabetes, conjunctivitis, gastritis, enterocolitis, tonsillitis,\nvaginitis, hemorrhoids, prostatism, warts and painful swellings by the Mundani\npeople of the mount Bambouto Caldera in SouthWestern Cameroon, and to evaluate\nits in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Susceptibility testing by agar well\ndiffusion assay revealed good antibacterial activity with inhibition zone diameter of\n20 Ã?± 1.1 mm against Bacillus cereus followed by Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition\nzone diameter of 17 Ã?± 1.6 mm which was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the positive\ncontrol (amoxicillin). None of the fungi was inhibited by the acetone extract of E.\ngolondrina except Candida albicans wherein the zone of inhibition was not significantly\ndifferent from that of the positive control (Amphotericin B). The ABTS scavenging\nactivity of E. golondrina was higher than that of gallic acid and BHT at concentrations\ngreater than 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL respectively while at all concentrations, nitric oxide\nscavenging activity was higher than those of both rutin and vitamin C. GCââ?¬â??MS profile\nof E. golondrina steam distilled volatiles revealed that the plant has potent phytoconstituent\nclasses such as sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, alkaloids, phenolics and\naromatic hydrocarbons. Among the 30 compounds identified, caryophyllene oxide\n(14.16 %), camphor (9.41 %) and phytol (5.75 %) were the major compounds. Further\nstructural characterisation based on 1H and 13C NMR is required to demonstrate structural\nintegrity including correct stereochemistry. The current study partially justifies the\nethnomedicinal uses of E. golondrina in Cameroon.
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